เฉลยแบบฝึกหัด APR2101 บทที่ 3 ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
กระบวนวิชา APR2101, BUS2101 หรือ ENS3103 (สารสนเทศและการสื่อสารทางธุรกิจ)
รหัสตำรา : 57173
โดย ติวเตอร์แบงค์ สถาบันติว PERFECT ซ.รามคำแหง 43/1 โทร. 081-7269394
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1. VOCABULARY
Match the terms in column A with the correct meaning in column B.
Column (A)
subsidiaries (E)
organizational chart (B)
management hierarchy (C)
organization goals (D)
corporation (A)
Column B
A. a group of people combined in one body
B. a diagram demonstrating management levels in an organization
C. levels of management within an organization
D. targets that an organization needs to achieve
E. companies established under supervision of their mother company
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EXERCISE 3.1 on Topic
Elephants (เกี่ยวกับ ช้างๆ น้องเคยเห็นช้างหรือเปล่า...)
1. Elephants are the largest land animals in the world. Whales are the largest sea animals. These two huge animals may, in fact, come from the same biological family. Biologists now believe that the ancestors of elephants once lived in the sea, like whales. There is plenty of evidence to support this idea. For example, the shape of an elephant’s head is similar to a whale’s. Another similarity is the fact that both animals are excellent swimmers. Some elephants have chosen to swim for food to islands up to 300 miles away. Like the whale, the elephant uses sounds to show anger or for other kinds of communication. Finally, both female elephants and female whales stay close to other females and help them when they give birth.
2. The elephant’s trunk is not just a large nose or upper lip. It’s an essential and unique feature that serves many purposes for this animal. For one, it is used to make many kinds of sounds. With its trunk, the elephant can communicate anger, fear, or happiness. The trunk is also used as if it were a kind of hand. At the end of the trunk are two muscles shaped like fingers. These muscles can pick up food and water and carry them to the elephant’s mouth. Elephants use their trunks to take dust baths, too, throwing the dust over their backs. If an elephant’s trunk is seriously injured, the elephant may die. Without its trunk, it has great difficulty getting enough to eat.
3. The intelligence of the elephant is widely known. We say “the elephant never forgets” in honor of its excellent memory. Elephants are also surprisingly good at solving problems. An Indian farmer who kept elephants discovered this fact, to his misfortune. He had noticed that his elephants were eating his bananas at night. No fence could keep out the elephants, of course, so he decided to tie bells on them. Then he would hear them when they came to eat the bananas and he could chase them away. A few morning later, however, the bananas were all gone, though he had heard nothing at night. When he checked the elephants , he found that they had played a trick on him. They had filled the bells with mud so they would not make any noise!
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EXERCISE 3.2 on Topic
The Construction of Houses (การสร้างที่อยู่อาศัย)
1. People usually build their houses out of the materials that are easily available to them. In some areas, most people build their homes out of wood. This is true in parts of North America and in Scandinavia. These areas have large forests, so wood is easy to get and brick are expensive. In many other areas of Europe, there are few forests left. Stone and brick are cheaper, so most people build their houses of these materials. In tropical regions, houses are sometimes made from plants that grow there. For example, in parts of Africa or Asia, houses may be made out of bamboo. Finally, in the very coldest areas near the Arctic, people make their homes out of blocks of ice.
2. The differences in climate throughout Europe have resulted in differences in the way houses are built. In hot countries, such as Spain, Greece, or Italy, the houses usually have small windows to keep out the heat. However, in the cooler northern countries, such as Sweden or Holland, people want to let in as much sunlight as possible, so the windows are usually larger. In the southern countries, the houses usually have some kind of outdoor living area ---a balcony, terrace, or courtyard---where people can enjoy the cool breeze. In northern countries, on the other hand, houses usually do not have such areas. People in colder climates spend less time outdoors.
3. One of the most famous houses in the United States is Monticello. It was the home of Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States. Located on a hill near Charlottesville, Virginia, it has a beautiful view of the surrounding countryside. The house is famous, first of all, because it belonged to a president. It is also a fine example of early nineteenth - century American architecture. Jefferson designed it himself in a style he had admired in Italy. Many American buildings of that time, in fact, imitated European styles. But while most were just imitations, his Monticello is lovely in itself. Furthermore, the design combines a graceful style with a typical American concern for comfort and function.
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EXERCISE 3.3 on Topic
Health Dangers of Flying (อันตรายต่อสุขภาพจากการนั่งเครื่องบิน)
1. Pilots and flight attendants have long known that they become especially forgetful when they fly often with little rest. They lose their car keys, forget their room number at a hotel, or forget the names of people they have just met. People usually think of this loss of short - term memory as part of jet lag, the negative effects that many people feel after long flights. A scientist named Kwangwok Cho, who had to fly across the Atlantic several times in one month, noticed the same problem with this short - term memory. He decided to find out why people with jet lag become especially forgetful. To understand what was happening, Cho did brain scans of people with severe jet lag. He then compared them with brain scans of people without jet lag. In the people with jet lag, there were clear signs of damage to some brain cells. In fact, part of the brain had become smaller. This was what caused the difficulties with short - term memory.
2. For many people, sitting still for a long time is one of the worst things about flying. Now doctors are discovering that there are good reasons to be unhappy about sitting still on long flights. In fact, it is not good for you at all: The blood in your legs does not flow well and you are more likely to get a blood clot (a small lump) in your leg. The clot may cause swelling and pain in the leg because the blood cannot flow past it. More serious problems can develop if part of a clot breaks off and travels to the lung. In this case, there is even the risk of death. To avoid risk, doctors recommend moving around as much as possible during a flight. Of course, you cannot stand up often or walk continually around the plane. But you can help the blood flow in your body by doing special exercises at your seat. Many airline companies now include instructions for these exercises in their in - flight magazines.
3. In the late 1990s, flight attendants around the world noticed a dramatic increase in “air rage.” This is the official term for what happens when someone becomes extremely angry or upset on a plane. These people may become so dangerously violent that the plane has to land somewhere and unload the passengers. Air rage may be the result of several factors. The general worsening of travel conditions in recent years has led to crowded planes and frequent delays. At the same time, airlines have generally reduced the amount of seat space for each passenger, so people are more likely to feel stressed and aggressive. One other factor, however, has nothing to do with the airline industry. Flight attendants say that very often the people who become violent on planes have had too much alcohol to drink, either before the flight or on the plane.
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EXERCISE CHAPTER 3
1 Company established under supervision of their mother company is called…..1 branches
2 retailers
3 agents
4 modern trade
5 warehouse
6 subsidiaries
2 The term which means level of management in an organization is called..
1 position ladder
2 career ladder
3 chain of command
4 job promotion
5 job classification
6 job description
3 A diagram demonstrating management levels in an organization is called….
1 flow chart
2 Org Chart
3 job chart
4 position chart
5 Org Directory
6 job description
READING
4 Which statement is not true according to the passage? 1 An org chart found in the passage stands for “an organization chart”.
2 Each department in an organization always has its own organization chart.
3 An organization chart is not useful for the job applicants.
4 The organization executives are always at the topmost level of the chart.
5 The staff position is usually at the bottom level of an organization chart.
6 The administrative assistant is the second top level of organization
management
According to the passage, answer the following questions.
5 The most appropriate title of the above passage should be…
1 Management
2 company profile
3 Org responsibility
4 Org division
5 Department structure
6 Org structure
6 An organization chart of a company is shown in a form of…
1 block
2 chart
3 diagram
4 hierarchy
5 flow chart
6 figure
7 Who should be placed in the highest block on the chart?
1 Managing Director
2 Manager
3 Brand Manager
4 Vice President
5 Account Executives
6 Sales Manager
8 According to the passage, who should be placed in the box at the
Third level of management?
1 Manager
2 Director
3 Supervisor
4 Management Assistant
5 Team Coordinator
6 Vice President
9 Who is not included in the word “they”(item 3 of the instruction)?
1 Vice President
2 Supervisor
3 Department Head
4 Manager
5 Director
6 Administrative Assistant
Elephant
1st Para
1 How elephants are good swimmer
2 The largest animals in the world.
3 How elephants and whales are alike
4 Elephant is the same as whale.
5 Elephants & Whales
11 How many evidence does the writer gave to support the idea of similarity?
1 2 evidences
2 3 evidences
3 4 evidences
4 single evidence
5 no evident provided
12 What did both elephants and whales use to communicate?
1 sound
2 gesture
3 eyes
4 both gesture and eyes
5 mouth
13 What is the meaning of the word “ancestors” in line 4 means?
1 Grand parents
2 brother & sister
3 father and mother
4 son & daughter
5 cousins
14 The words “ stay close to other” in line 10 means….
1 do not want to stay with
2 want to stay with
3 stay near the other
4 stay far from the others
5 do not want to stay with other
Para 2
1 The elephants’ hands
2 The elephants’ trunk
3 The elephants’ body
4 The elephants’ dust-baths
5 The Importance of the Trunk
16 What kind of muscle did the elephants use to pick-up things?
1 mouths
2 noses
3 trunks
4 legs
5 legs
17 What is the meaning of the phrase “ essential and unique” in line 2 means?
1 very important
2 one which not important
3 most important
4 special necessity
5 useful
18 Which statement is not true?
1 trunk is used to pick-up food
2 dust is dirty so elephants had to take bath to clean dust
3 trunk is not elephants’ mouth
4 the elephants may die if the trunk is injured
5 there is two muscles at the end of the trunk
19 The words “shaped like” mean……
1 physical like
2 same shape
3 built like
4 the same as
5 prefer the shape
Para 3
1 The honor of the elephant is it’s memory
2 The elephants are good at solving problems because of it’s excellent
memory
3 The elephant are good at solving problems because it never forget
4 Solving problems of the elephants made people surprised
5 all are correct
21 “An Indian farmer who kept elephants discovered this fact, to his misfortune” What fact did the farmer discover?
1 excellent memory
2 elephant never forget
3 the intelligence of the elephant
4 the elephant ate all the bananas
5 the honor of the elephant
22 What is the synonym of the word “misfortune” in line 4?
1 unhappy
2 bad future
3 bad temper
4 unluckiness
5 unbelievable
23 The word “ tie “ in line 6 could best be replaced by…..
1 fasten
2 hang
3 hoist
4 stick
5 knot
24 What sign made the farmer could chase the elephant away?
1 when it come to eat the banana
2 the noise of the bell he tied
3 when it pass through the fence
4 when it played a trick on him
5 all are correct
Construction of Houses
1st Para
25 Which is the best topic for the above passage?1 Houses around the world
2 The wooden houses of Scandinavia
3 No brick house in Scandinavia
4 Material used for houses
5 Expensive House in Scandinavia
26 Where they made houses from bamboo?
1 Asia
2 Europe
3 Scandinavia
4 North America
5 Arctic area
27 Where did the stone and brick are cheap?
1 North America
2 Europe
3 Asia
4 Africa
5 tropical region
28 The words “tropical regions” mean…..
1 jungle
2 forest
3 middle of the earth region
4 edges of the earth
5 middle east
29 In which region did the writer used to give evidence to support his idea?
1 Scandinavia
2 Europe
3 Arctic
4 Asia & Africa
5 North America
Para 2
30 What caused the differences in building houses throughout the world?
1 the small window
2 the heat
3 the sun
4 the climate
5 all are correct
31 Which kind of living area do the houses in Italy have?
1 small window
2 larger window
3 court yard
4 none of 1 – 3 is correct
5 all of 1 - 3 are correct
32 Who spend less time outdoor?
1 Italian & Greece
2 Spanish & Italian
3 Greece & Spanish
4 Dutch & Spanish
5 Dutch & Swedish
33 Which is not belongs?
1 balcony
2 living room
3 terrace
4 courtyard
5 playground
34 The phrase “to keep out” (line 3) could best be replaced by……..
1 let it go out
2 not to let in
3 to keep it out
4 to throw it away
5 to stop
Para 3
35 Which is the best topic for the above passage?
1 Famous hoses in United State
2 American architecture
3 The view from Monticello
4 Reasons for Monticello’s fame
5 House of the President
36 Where is Thomas Jefferson house located?
1 Monticello
2 Virginia
3 Charlottesville
4 Europe
5 America
37 Where the design of Thomas Jefferson’s house from?
1 America
2 Europe
3 Italy
4 United State
5 Monticello
38 What is the phrase “ imitated European style” meaning?
1 the same as European style
2 different from European style
3 copy the European style
4 looked like European style
5 apart from European style
39 The words “American concern” mean…….
1 American style
2 American house
3 American instinct
4 American ways
5 American design
Health Danger of Flying
1st Para
1 Pilots & Flight Attendants
2 Long Flight
3 Jet Lag
4 Forgetful
5 short term memory
41 What caused the loss of short-term memory?
1 Jet Lag
2 damage of brain cells
3 long flight
4 little rest
5 brain scan
42 What is the negative effects that people feel after long flight?
1 short – term memory
2 little rest
3 Jet Lag
4 forgetful
5 damage of brain cell
43 How can the scientist know the cause of forgetful?
1 comparing the brain scans
2 jet lag scan
3 damage some brain cells
4 notice the problem
5 knowing what was happening
44 Which phrases has the proper meaning to the phrase “noticed the
same problem” ?
1 noted the same problem
2 realized the same problem
3 forgot the same problem
4 mentioned the same problem
5 point out the same problem
Para 2
45 What is the appropriate topic for the above passage?
1 Sitting Still
2 Blood Flow
3 Blood Clot
4 Risk of Death
5 The Lung
46 What is the worst things about flying?
1 blood clot
2 sitting still
3 blood flow
4 moving around
5 swelling & pain
47 Which is the best way to avoid risk when you have long flight?
1 moving around
2 reading in-flight magazine
3 stand up
4 walking continually
5 travel to the lung
48 What is the meaning of the word “swelling” in line 6 ?
1 no feeling
2 get hurt
3 getting bigger with pain
4 stress
5 getting smaller with pain
49 The phrase “travel to the lung” means…
1 visit the lung
2 flow to the lung
3 travel by plane to the lung
4 travel with the lung
5 going with the lung
Para 3
50 Which is the proper heading for this passage?
1 Flight attendants
2 Air Rage
3 Drinking on plane
4 Travel Condition
5 Violent on the Plane
51 What is the meaning of the words “dramatic increase” in line 2?
1 not increase
2 increase very quick
3 rarely increase
4 increase continually
5 increase consistently
52 What is the meaning of the words “dangerously violent” in line 4?
1 not so danger
2 very danger
3 aggressively danger
4 danger steadily
5 silent danger
53 What is the meaning of the words “crowded plane” in line 7?
1 not too many passengers
2 plane for the king
3 plane for the prince
4 too many passenger
5 plane for Royal Family
54 What is the meaning of the words “frequent delays” in line 7?
1 always delays
2 never delay
3 delay too long
4 delay in short period
5 rarely delay
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